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<title>Untitled Document: Archives</title>
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<a name="Archives"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Formats.html#Formats" accesskey="n" rel="next">Formats</a>, Previous: <a href="Symbols.html#Symbols" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Symbols</a>, Up: <a href="BFD-front-end.html#BFD-front-end" accesskey="u" rel="up">BFD front end</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="BFD-Index.html#BFD-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Archives-1"></a>
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<h3 class="section">2.8 Archives</h3>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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An archive (or library) is just another BFD. It has a symbol
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table, although there’s not much a user program will do with it.
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</p>
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<p>The big difference between an archive BFD and an ordinary BFD
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is that the archive doesn’t have sections. Instead it has a
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chain of BFDs that are considered its contents. These BFDs can
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be manipulated like any other. The BFDs contained in an
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archive opened for reading will all be opened for reading. You
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may put either input or output BFDs into an archive opened for
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output; they will be handled correctly when the archive is closed.
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</p>
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<p>Use <code>bfd_openr_next_archived_file</code> to step through
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the contents of an archive opened for input. You don’t
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have to read the entire archive if you don’t want
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to! Read it until you find what you want.
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</p>
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<p>A BFD returned by <code>bfd_openr_next_archived_file</code> can be
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closed manually with <code>bfd_close</code>. If you do not close it,
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then a second iteration through the members of an archive may
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return the same BFD. If you close the archive BFD, then all
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the member BFDs will automatically be closed as well.
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</p>
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<p>Archive contents of output BFDs are chained through the
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<code>archive_next</code> pointer in a BFD. The first one is findable
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through the <code>archive_head</code> slot of the archive. Set it with
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<code>bfd_set_archive_head</code> (q.v.). A given BFD may be in only
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one open output archive at a time.
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</p>
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<p>As expected, the BFD archive code is more general than the
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archive code of any given environment. BFD archives may
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contain files of different formats (e.g., a.out and coff) and
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even different architectures. You may even place archives
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recursively into archives!
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</p>
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<p>This can cause unexpected confusion, since some archive
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formats are more expressive than others. For instance, Intel
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COFF archives can preserve long filenames; SunOS a.out archives
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cannot. If you move a file from the first to the second
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format and back again, the filename may be truncated.
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Likewise, different a.out environments have different
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conventions as to how they truncate filenames, whether they
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preserve directory names in filenames, etc. When
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interoperating with native tools, be sure your files are
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homogeneous.
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</p>
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<p>Beware: most of these formats do not react well to the
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presence of spaces in filenames. We do the best we can, but
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can’t always handle this case due to restrictions in the format of
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archives. Many Unix utilities are braindead in regards to
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spaces and such in filenames anyway, so this shouldn’t be much
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of a restriction.
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</p>
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<p>Archives are supported in BFD in <code>archive.c</code>.
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</p>
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<a name="Archive-functions"></a>
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<h4 class="subsection">2.8.1 Archive functions</h4>
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<a name="index-bfd_005fget_005fnext_005fmapent"></a>
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<a name="bfd_005fget_005fnext_005fmapent"></a>
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<h4 class="subsubsection">2.8.1.1 <code>bfd_get_next_mapent</code></h4>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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</p><div class="example">
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<pre class="example">symindex bfd_get_next_mapent
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(bfd *abfd, symindex previous, carsym **sym);
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</pre></div>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Step through archive <var>abfd</var>’s symbol table (if it
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has one). Successively update <var>sym</var> with the next symbol’s
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information, returning that symbol’s (internal) index into the
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symbol table.
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</p>
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<p>Supply <code>BFD_NO_MORE_SYMBOLS</code> as the <var>previous</var> entry to get
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the first one; returns <code>BFD_NO_MORE_SYMBOLS</code> when you’ve already
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got the last one.
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</p>
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<p>A <code>carsym</code> is a canonical archive symbol. The only
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user-visible element is its name, a null-terminated string.
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</p>
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<a name="index-bfd_005fset_005farchive_005fhead"></a>
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<a name="bfd_005fset_005farchive_005fhead"></a>
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<h4 class="subsubsection">2.8.1.2 <code>bfd_set_archive_head</code></h4>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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</p><div class="example">
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<pre class="example">bfd_boolean bfd_set_archive_head (bfd *output, bfd *new_head);
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</pre></div>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Set the head of the chain of
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BFDs contained in the archive <var>output</var> to <var>new_head</var>.
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</p>
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<a name="index-bfd_005fopenr_005fnext_005farchived_005ffile"></a>
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<a name="bfd_005fopenr_005fnext_005farchived_005ffile"></a>
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<h4 class="subsubsection">2.8.1.3 <code>bfd_openr_next_archived_file</code></h4>
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<p><strong>Synopsis</strong>
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</p><div class="example">
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<pre class="example">bfd *bfd_openr_next_archived_file (bfd *archive, bfd *previous);
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</pre></div>
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<p><strong>Description</strong><br>
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Provided a BFD, <var>archive</var>, containing an archive and NULL, open
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an input BFD on the first contained element and returns that.
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Subsequent calls should pass
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the archive and the previous return value to return a created
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BFD to the next contained element. NULL is returned when there
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are no more.
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</p>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Formats.html#Formats" accesskey="n" rel="next">Formats</a>, Previous: <a href="Symbols.html#Symbols" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Symbols</a>, Up: <a href="BFD-front-end.html#BFD-front-end" accesskey="u" rel="up">BFD front end</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="BFD-Index.html#BFD-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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