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<title>The GNU Fortran Compiler: GNU Fortran and GCC</title>
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<a name="GNU-Fortran-and-GCC"></a>
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation.html#Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Preprocessing and conditional compilation</a>, Previous: <a href="About-GNU-Fortran.html#About-GNU-Fortran" accesskey="p" rel="prev">About GNU Fortran</a>, Up: <a href="Introduction.html#Introduction" accesskey="u" rel="up">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<hr>
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<a name="GNU-Fortran-and-GCC-1"></a>
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<h3 class="section">1.2 GNU Fortran and GCC</h3>
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<a name="index-GNU-Compiler-Collection"></a>
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<a name="index-GCC"></a>
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<p>GNU Fortran is a part of GCC, the <em>GNU Compiler Collection</em>. GCC
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consists of a collection of front ends for various languages, which
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translate the source code into a language-independent form called
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<em>GENERIC</em>. This is then processed by a common middle end which
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provides optimization, and then passed to one of a collection of back
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ends which generate code for different computer architectures and
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operating systems.
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</p>
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<p>Functionally, this is implemented with a driver program (<code>gcc</code>)
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which provides the command-line interface for the compiler. It calls
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the relevant compiler front-end program (e.g., <code>f951</code> for
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Fortran) for each file in the source code, and then calls the assembler
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and linker as appropriate to produce the compiled output. In a copy of
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GCC which has been compiled with Fortran language support enabled,
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<code>gcc</code> will recognize files with <samp>.f</samp>, <samp>.for</samp>, <samp>.ftn</samp>,
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<samp>.f90</samp>, <samp>.f95</samp>, <samp>.f03</samp> and <samp>.f08</samp> extensions as
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Fortran source code, and compile it accordingly. A <code>gfortran</code>
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driver program is also provided, which is identical to <code>gcc</code>
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except that it automatically links the Fortran runtime libraries into the
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compiled program.
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</p>
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<p>Source files with <samp>.f</samp>, <samp>.for</samp>, <samp>.fpp</samp>, <samp>.ftn</samp>, <samp>.F</samp>,
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<samp>.FOR</samp>, <samp>.FPP</samp>, and <samp>.FTN</samp> extensions are treated as fixed form.
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Source files with <samp>.f90</samp>, <samp>.f95</samp>, <samp>.f03</samp>, <samp>.f08</samp>,
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<samp>.F90</samp>, <samp>.F95</samp>, <samp>.F03</samp> and <samp>.F08</samp> extensions are
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treated as free form. The capitalized versions of either form are run
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through preprocessing. Source files with the lower case <samp>.fpp</samp>
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extension are also run through preprocessing.
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</p>
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<p>This manual specifically documents the Fortran front end, which handles
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the programming language’s syntax and semantics. The aspects of GCC
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which relate to the optimization passes and the back-end code generation
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are documented in the GCC manual; see
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<a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/index.html#Top">Introduction</a> in <cite>Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)</cite>.
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The two manuals together provide a complete reference for the GNU
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Fortran compiler.
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</p>
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<hr>
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation.html#Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Preprocessing and conditional compilation</a>, Previous: <a href="About-GNU-Fortran.html#About-GNU-Fortran" accesskey="p" rel="prev">About GNU Fortran</a>, Up: <a href="Introduction.html#Introduction" accesskey="u" rel="up">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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