<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
|
<html>
|
<!-- Copyright (C) 1988-2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
|
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
|
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
|
Invariant Sections being "Funding Free Software", the Front-Cover
|
Texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b)
|
(see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
|
"GNU Free Documentation License".
|
|
(a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is:
|
|
A GNU Manual
|
|
(b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is:
|
|
You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU
|
software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise
|
funds for GNU development. -->
|
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.2, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
|
<head>
|
<title>GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals: Scalar Return</title>
|
|
<meta name="description" content="GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals: Scalar Return">
|
<meta name="keywords" content="GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Internals: Scalar Return">
|
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
|
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
|
<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
|
<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
|
<link href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" rel="index" title="Option Index">
|
<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
|
<link href="Stack-and-Calling.html#Stack-and-Calling" rel="up" title="Stack and Calling">
|
<link href="Aggregate-Return.html#Aggregate-Return" rel="next" title="Aggregate Return">
|
<link href="Register-Arguments.html#Register-Arguments" rel="prev" title="Register Arguments">
|
<style type="text/css">
|
<!--
|
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
|
blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
|
div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller}
|
div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
|
kbd {font-style:oblique}
|
pre.display {font-family: inherit}
|
pre.format {font-family: inherit}
|
pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
|
pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
|
pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
|
pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
|
pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
|
pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
|
span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap}
|
span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap}
|
span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal}
|
span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal}
|
ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
|
-->
|
</style>
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
|
<a name="Scalar-Return"></a>
|
<div class="header">
|
<p>
|
Next: <a href="Aggregate-Return.html#Aggregate-Return" accesskey="n" rel="next">Aggregate Return</a>, Previous: <a href="Register-Arguments.html#Register-Arguments" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Register Arguments</a>, Up: <a href="Stack-and-Calling.html#Stack-and-Calling" accesskey="u" rel="up">Stack and Calling</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
|
</div>
|
<hr>
|
<a name="How-Scalar-Function-Values-Are-Returned"></a>
|
<h4 class="subsection">17.9.8 How Scalar Function Values Are Returned</h4>
|
<a name="index-return-values-in-registers"></a>
|
<a name="index-values_002c-returned-by-functions"></a>
|
<a name="index-scalars_002c-returned-as-values"></a>
|
|
<p>This section discusses the macros that control returning scalars as
|
values—values that can fit in registers.
|
</p>
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-TARGET_005fFUNCTION_005fVALUE"></a>Target Hook: <em>rtx</em> <strong>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE</strong> <em>(const_tree <var>ret_type</var>, const_tree <var>fn_decl_or_type</var>, bool <var>outgoing</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd>
|
<p>Define this to return an RTX representing the place where a function
|
returns or receives a value of data type <var>ret_type</var>, a tree node
|
representing a data type. <var>fn_decl_or_type</var> is a tree node
|
representing <code>FUNCTION_DECL</code> or <code>FUNCTION_TYPE</code> of a
|
function being called. If <var>outgoing</var> is false, the hook should
|
compute the register in which the caller will see the return value.
|
Otherwise, the hook should return an RTX representing the place where
|
a function returns a value.
|
</p>
|
<p>On many machines, only <code>TYPE_MODE (<var>ret_type</var>)</code> is relevant.
|
(Actually, on most machines, scalar values are returned in the same
|
place regardless of mode.) The value of the expression is usually a
|
<code>reg</code> RTX for the hard register where the return value is stored.
|
The value can also be a <code>parallel</code> RTX, if the return value is in
|
multiple places. See <code>TARGET_FUNCTION_ARG</code> for an explanation of the
|
<code>parallel</code> form. Note that the callee will populate every
|
location specified in the <code>parallel</code>, but if the first element of
|
the <code>parallel</code> contains the whole return value, callers will use
|
that element as the canonical location and ignore the others. The m68k
|
port uses this type of <code>parallel</code> to return pointers in both
|
‘<samp>%a0</samp>’ (the canonical location) and ‘<samp>%d0</samp>’.
|
</p>
|
<p>If <code>TARGET_PROMOTE_FUNCTION_RETURN</code> returns true, you must apply
|
the same promotion rules specified in <code>PROMOTE_MODE</code> if
|
<var>valtype</var> is a scalar type.
|
</p>
|
<p>If the precise function being called is known, <var>func</var> is a tree
|
node (<code>FUNCTION_DECL</code>) for it; otherwise, <var>func</var> is a null
|
pointer. This makes it possible to use a different value-returning
|
convention for specific functions when all their calls are
|
known.
|
</p>
|
<p>Some target machines have “register windows” so that the register in
|
which a function returns its value is not the same as the one in which
|
the caller sees the value. For such machines, you should return
|
different RTX depending on <var>outgoing</var>.
|
</p>
|
<p><code>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE</code> is not used for return values with
|
aggregate data types, because these are returned in another way. See
|
<code>TARGET_STRUCT_VALUE_RTX</code> and related macros, below.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-FUNCTION_005fVALUE"></a>Macro: <strong>FUNCTION_VALUE</strong> <em>(<var>valtype</var>, <var>func</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>This macro has been deprecated. Use <code>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE</code> for
|
a new target instead.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-LIBCALL_005fVALUE"></a>Macro: <strong>LIBCALL_VALUE</strong> <em>(<var>mode</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>A C expression to create an RTX representing the place where a library
|
function returns a value of mode <var>mode</var>.
|
</p>
|
<p>Note that “library function” in this context means a compiler
|
support routine, used to perform arithmetic, whose name is known
|
specially by the compiler and was not mentioned in the C code being
|
compiled.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-TARGET_005fLIBCALL_005fVALUE"></a>Target Hook: <em>rtx</em> <strong>TARGET_LIBCALL_VALUE</strong> <em>(machine_mode <var>mode</var>, const_rtx <var>fun</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>Define this hook if the back-end needs to know the name of the libcall
|
function in order to determine where the result should be returned.
|
</p>
|
<p>The mode of the result is given by <var>mode</var> and the name of the called
|
library function is given by <var>fun</var>. The hook should return an RTX
|
representing the place where the library function result will be returned.
|
</p>
|
<p>If this hook is not defined, then LIBCALL_VALUE will be used.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-FUNCTION_005fVALUE_005fREGNO_005fP"></a>Macro: <strong>FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P</strong> <em>(<var>regno</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>A C expression that is nonzero if <var>regno</var> is the number of a hard
|
register in which the values of called function may come back.
|
</p>
|
<p>A register whose use for returning values is limited to serving as the
|
second of a pair (for a value of type <code>double</code>, say) need not be
|
recognized by this macro. So for most machines, this definition
|
suffices:
|
</p>
|
<div class="smallexample">
|
<pre class="smallexample">#define FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P(N) ((N) == 0)
|
</pre></div>
|
|
<p>If the machine has register windows, so that the caller and the called
|
function use different registers for the return value, this macro
|
should recognize only the caller’s register numbers.
|
</p>
|
<p>This macro has been deprecated. Use <code>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P</code>
|
for a new target instead.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-TARGET_005fFUNCTION_005fVALUE_005fREGNO_005fP"></a>Target Hook: <em>bool</em> <strong>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P</strong> <em>(const unsigned int <var>regno</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>A target hook that return <code>true</code> if <var>regno</var> is the number of a hard
|
register in which the values of called function may come back.
|
</p>
|
<p>A register whose use for returning values is limited to serving as the
|
second of a pair (for a value of type <code>double</code>, say) need not be
|
recognized by this target hook.
|
</p>
|
<p>If the machine has register windows, so that the caller and the called
|
function use different registers for the return value, this target hook
|
should recognize only the caller’s register numbers.
|
</p>
|
<p>If this hook is not defined, then FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P will be used.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-APPLY_005fRESULT_005fSIZE"></a>Macro: <strong>APPLY_RESULT_SIZE</strong></dt>
|
<dd><p>Define this macro if ‘<samp>untyped_call</samp>’ and ‘<samp>untyped_return</samp>’
|
need more space than is implied by <code>FUNCTION_VALUE_REGNO_P</code> for
|
saving and restoring an arbitrary return value.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-TARGET_005fOMIT_005fSTRUCT_005fRETURN_005fREG"></a>Target Hook: <em>bool</em> <strong>TARGET_OMIT_STRUCT_RETURN_REG</strong></dt>
|
<dd><p>Normally, when a function returns a structure by memory, the address
|
is passed as an invisible pointer argument, but the compiler also
|
arranges to return the address from the function like it would a normal
|
pointer return value. Define this to true if that behavior is
|
undesirable on your target.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
<dt><a name="index-TARGET_005fRETURN_005fIN_005fMSB"></a>Target Hook: <em>bool</em> <strong>TARGET_RETURN_IN_MSB</strong> <em>(const_tree <var>type</var>)</em></dt>
|
<dd><p>This hook should return true if values of type <var>type</var> are returned
|
at the most significant end of a register (in other words, if they are
|
padded at the least significant end). You can assume that <var>type</var>
|
is returned in a register; the caller is required to check this.
|
</p>
|
<p>Note that the register provided by <code>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE</code> must
|
be able to hold the complete return value. For example, if a 1-, 2-
|
or 3-byte structure is returned at the most significant end of a
|
4-byte register, <code>TARGET_FUNCTION_VALUE</code> should provide an
|
<code>SImode</code> rtx.
|
</p></dd></dl>
|
|
<hr>
|
<div class="header">
|
<p>
|
Next: <a href="Aggregate-Return.html#Aggregate-Return" accesskey="n" rel="next">Aggregate Return</a>, Previous: <a href="Register-Arguments.html#Register-Arguments" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Register Arguments</a>, Up: <a href="Stack-and-Calling.html#Stack-and-Calling" accesskey="u" rel="up">Stack and Calling</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
</html>
|