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<title>Debugging with GDB: Dump/Restore Files</title>
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<a name="Dump_002fRestore-Files"></a>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<a name="Copy-between-Memory-and-a-File"></a>
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<h3 class="section">10.18 Copy between Memory and a File</h3>
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<a name="index-dump_002frestore-files"></a>
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<a name="index-append-data-to-a-file"></a>
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<a name="index-dump-data-to-a-file"></a>
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<a name="index-restore-data-from-a-file"></a>
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<p>You can use the commands <code>dump</code>, <code>append</code>, and
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<code>restore</code> to copy data between target memory and a file. The
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<code>dump</code> and <code>append</code> commands write data to a file, and the
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<code>restore</code> command reads data from a file back into the inferior’s
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memory. Files may be in binary, Motorola S-record, Intel hex,
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Tektronix Hex, or Verilog Hex format; however, <small>GDB</small> can only
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append to binary files, and cannot read from Verilog Hex files.
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</p>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dd>
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<a name="index-dump"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>Dump the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
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or the value of <var>expr</var>, to <var>filename</var> in the given format.
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</p>
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<p>The <var>format</var> parameter may be any one of:
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</p><dl compact="compact">
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<dt><code>binary</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Raw binary form.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><code>ihex</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Intel hex format.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><code>srec</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Motorola S-record format.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><code>tekhex</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Tektronix Hex format.
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</p></dd>
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<dt><code>verilog</code></dt>
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<dd><p>Verilog Hex format.
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</p></dd>
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</dl>
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<p><small>GDB</small> uses the same definitions of these formats as the
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<small>GNU</small> binary utilities, like ‘<samp>objdump</samp>’ and ‘<samp>objcopy</samp>’. If
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<var>format</var> is omitted, <small>GDB</small> dumps the data in raw binary
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form.
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</p>
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<a name="index-append"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
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<dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>Append the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
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or the value of <var>expr</var>, to the file <var>filename</var>, in raw binary form.
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(<small>GDB</small> can only append data to files in raw binary form.)
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</p>
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<a name="index-restore"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><code>restore <var>filename</var> <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> <var>bias</var> <var>start</var> <var>end</var></code></dt>
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<dd><p>Restore the contents of file <var>filename</var> into memory. The
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<code>restore</code> command can automatically recognize any known <small>BFD</small>
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file format, except for raw binary. To restore a raw binary file you
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must specify the optional keyword <code>binary</code> after the filename.
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</p>
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<p>If <var>bias</var> is non-zero, its value will be added to the addresses
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contained in the file. Binary files always start at address zero, so
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they will be restored at address <var>bias</var>. Other bfd files have
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a built-in location; they will be restored at offset <var>bias</var>
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from that location.
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</p>
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<p>If <var>start</var> and/or <var>end</var> are non-zero, then only data between
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file offset <var>start</var> and file offset <var>end</var> will be restored.
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These offsets are relative to the addresses in the file, before
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the <var>bias</var> argument is applied.
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</p>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="previous">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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