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<title>Using as: Strings</title>
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<a name="Strings"></a>
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Chars.html#Chars" accesskey="n" rel="next">Chars</a>, Up: <a href="Characters.html#Characters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Characters</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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<a name="Strings-1"></a>
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<h4 class="subsubsection">3.6.1.1 Strings</h4>
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<a name="index-string-constants"></a>
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<a name="index-constants_002c-string"></a>
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<p>A <em>string</em> is written between double-quotes. It may contain
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double-quotes or null characters. The way to get special characters
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into a string is to <em>escape</em> these characters: precede them with
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a backslash ‘<samp>\</samp>’ character. For example ‘<samp>\\</samp>’ represents
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one backslash: the first <code>\</code> is an escape which tells
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<code>as</code> to interpret the second character literally as a backslash
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(which prevents <code>as</code> from recognizing the second <code>\</code> as an
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escape character). The complete list of escapes follows.
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</p>
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<a name="index-escape-codes_002c-character"></a>
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<a name="index-character-escape-codes"></a>
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<dl compact="compact">
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<dd><a name="index--_005cb-_0028backspace-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-backspace-_0028_005cb_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\b</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Mnemonic for backspace; for ASCII this is octal code 010.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005cf-_0028formfeed-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-formfeed-_0028_005cf_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>backslash-f</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Mnemonic for FormFeed; for ASCII this is octal code 014.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005cn-_0028newline-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-newline-_0028_005cn_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\n</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Mnemonic for newline; for ASCII this is octal code 012.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005cr-_0028carriage-return-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-carriage-return-_0028backslash_002dr_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\r</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Mnemonic for carriage-Return; for ASCII this is octal code 015.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005ct-_0028tab_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-tab-_0028_005ct_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\t</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Mnemonic for horizontal Tab; for ASCII this is octal code 011.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005cddd-_0028octal-character-code_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-octal-character-code-_0028_005cddd_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\ <var>digit</var> <var>digit</var> <var>digit</var></kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>An octal character code. The numeric code is 3 octal digits.
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For compatibility with other Unix systems, 8 and 9 are accepted as digits:
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for example, <code>\008</code> has the value 010, and <code>\009</code> the value 011.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005cxd_002e_002e_002e-_0028hex-character-code_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-hex-character-code-_0028_005cxd_002e_002e_002e_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\<code>x</code> <var>hex-digits...</var></kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>A hex character code. All trailing hex digits are combined. Either upper or
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lower case <code>x</code> works.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005c_005c-_0028_005c-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-backslash-_0028_005c_005c_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\\</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Represents one ‘<samp>\</samp>’ character.
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</p>
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<a name="index--_005c_0022-_0028doublequote-character_0029"></a>
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<a name="index-doublequote-_0028_005c_0022_0029"></a>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\"</kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Represents one ‘<samp>"</samp>’ character. Needed in strings to represent
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this character, because an unescaped ‘<samp>"</samp>’ would end the string.
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</p>
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</dd>
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<dt><kbd>\ <var>anything-else</var></kbd></dt>
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<dd><p>Any other character when escaped by <kbd>\</kbd> gives a warning, but
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assembles as if the ‘<samp>\</samp>’ was not present. The idea is that if
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you used an escape sequence you clearly didn’t want the literal
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interpretation of the following character. However <code>as</code> has no
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other interpretation, so <code>as</code> knows it is giving you the wrong
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code and warns you of the fact.
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</p></dd>
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</dl>
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<p>Which characters are escapable, and what those escapes represent,
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varies widely among assemblers. The current set is what we think
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the BSD 4.2 assembler recognizes, and is a subset of what most C
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compilers recognize. If you are in doubt, do not use an escape
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sequence.
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</p>
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<hr>
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<div class="header">
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<p>
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Next: <a href="Chars.html#Chars" accesskey="n" rel="next">Chars</a>, Up: <a href="Characters.html#Characters" accesskey="u" rel="up">Characters</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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